Etichetă: speech therapy

Rolul calității relației terapeutice și a empatiei în eficiența intervenției logopedice cu copiii

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Rolul calității relației terapeutice și a empatiei în eficiența intervenției logopedice cu copiii

AThe role of the quality of therapeutic relationship and empathy in the efficacy of speech therapy with children

Carmen COSTEA-BĂRLUȚIU, Bianca BORȘ, Ioana-Letiția ȘERBAN
Abstract

The therapeutic relationship holds an important role in the therapeutic process and has been a highly researched topic in fields such as medicine, psychotherapy, counselling or physiotherapy. More recently, the research has also focused on the therapeutic relationship in the field of speech and language therapy, presenting one of the influential factors from both a clinical and an interpersonal perspective. Considering these aspects, the present paper aims to examine the influence of the speech therapist’s empathy and the quality of the relationship with the beneficiary in relation with the efficacy in the therapeutic process. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the ability of the speech therapists to create a therapeutic relationship based on their level of empathy, that supports the children and their engagement in the rehabilitation process, an open communication, along with the therapists’ perceptions on the child’s conflict and dependency.

Keywords: therapeutic relationship, empathy, speech therapy, children, closeness, conflict, dependency.
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DOI:10.26744/rrttlc.2023.9.2.12
Published on line: 10/30/2023
References
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O propunere de adaptare pentru limba română a unei probe de fluență verbală fonematică (testul de asociere orală controlată a cuvintelor – COWAT)

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O propunere de adaptare pentru limba română a unei probe de fluență verbală fonematică (testul de asociere orală controlată a cuvintelor – COWAT)

A model of addapting in Romanian language of a verbal phonemic fluency test (The Controlled Oral Word Association Test -COWAT)

Ovidiu-Cristian TUDOREAN, Alois GHERGUȚ
Abstract

Verbal fluency is an indicator of good cognitive functioning. The Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) is part of the examination tools in neuropsychology. For English there are stratified standards by age and background (Tombaugh, Kozak, & Rees, 1999). The phonemic combinations used are F-A-S, C-T-L or P-R-W. These combinations are not specific to the Romanian language. This study proposes a way to identify phonemes that could be specific to the Romanian language for an adapted version of the COWAT test.

Keywords: Verbal fluency; COWAT, adaptation for Romanian language.
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DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2022.8.2.03

References
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Bodea Hațegan, C. (2018). Fluența verbală (semantică și fonemică), în Revista Română de Terapia Tulburărilor de Limbaj și Comunicare-RRTTLC, IV/2018, Nr. 2, ASTTLR, Cluj-Napoca, p.79-86. DOI: DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2018.4.2.10
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Cum pot jocurile online să fie folosite în sesiunile de terapie a tulburărilor de limbaj la copii? -Studiu de caz: aplicația mobilă OctoPlay

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Cum pot jocurile online să fie folosite în sesiunile de terapie a tulburărilor de limbaj la copii? – Studiu de caz: aplicația mobilă OctoPlay

How the online games can be used during SLT sessions?/Case study- Octoplay app

Alina VASILOIU
Abstract

This article presents how online games can be used in the speech therapy sesssions with children, having as case study the mobile app OctoPlay.
The OctoPlay application combines the speech therapists` approach with technology and meets the needs of children, therapists and parents through the structure of customizable exercises, collaborative environment and other tools included in the application (video model and mirror technique, virtual reality version, automatic progress reports and the possibility to customize the exercises according to the child’s needs). Practical aspects about how Octoplay App can be used are discussed and information about how it can be accessed are detailed

Keywords: speech therapy, personalized programs, collaborative environment, virtual reality, mirror technique, game, OctoPlay application

DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2021.7.2.11

Published on line: 31/10/2021

References

Anca, M.; Haţegan, C. (2008). Terapia limbajului. O abordare interdisciplinară, Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca.

Bodea Hațegan, C. (2016). Logopedia. Terapia tulburărilor de limbaj- Structuri deschise, București: Editura Trei.

Bodea Hațegan, C., Talaș, D. (2020). Ghid Practic de Organizare a Activităților Online, Colecția Terapia Tulburărilor de Limbaj și de comunicare, Presa Universitară Clujeană.

Bodea Haţegan, C. Roşan, A. (coord.). (2015). Tulburările de limbaj şi comunicare, în Psihopedagogie specială. Modele de Evaluare şi intervenţie, Editura Polirom, Iaşi.

https://www.octoplay.io/

Studiu privind activitățile de prevenire a tulburărilor de limbaj în grădinițe

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Studiu privind activitățile de prevenire a tulburărilor de limbaj în grădinițe

Investigative study regarding the prevention activities related with speech and language disorders in kindergartens

Simona Bianca ROȘCA
Abstract

The present research starts from the idea of preventing language disorders from an early age, given the results of previous research on the effectiveness of early interventions.
Following a preliminary documentation that consisted in the study of Romanian legislation, specialized literature, speech therapy aids, speech therapy software, sites with medical profile and special pedagogy, it was found an insufficient approach to prevention and we wanted to investigate what activities speech therapy teachers consider to be included in the concept of prevention. We also sought to find out to what extent speech therapists take into account the prevention part and what activities they carry out for this purpose. The results were limited and we see them from at least two perspectives: the small group of participants that led to limited data and the absence or quasi-absence of prevention in speech therapy, this being too little described in the literature and outlined as a methodology in school documents. The most common options chosen by language therapists for prevention were to carry out speech therapy activities in prevention groups under the age of 5 and to carry out information activities for educators and parents and only then screening activities

Keywords: communication skills, intellectual disabilities, verbal communication, special education, speech therapy, reading imagine
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DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2021.7.1.05

Published on line: 31/03/2021

References:
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Aplicații ale mobilizării orofaciale în contextul sindromului Down

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Aplicații ale mobilizării orofaciale în contextul sindromului Down

Oro-motor therapy- practical aspects in Down syndrome context

Mădălina VAIDA
Abstract

The current study proposes an intervention of oral-motor techniques, targeting peripheral stimulation with central-level effects, where synaptic densification is expected to allow a more coordinated motor response, with positive outcomes on the speech intelligibility. The intervention techniques belong to quite different fields: myofunctional techniques (posture determination, isotonic exercises for the oral musculature), oro-facial massage according to the C. Morales method, passive stimulation with a vibrating instrument (z-vibe) and repetitions of diadokokinetics. An ABA (single-subject experiment) experimental design was created and implemented. The output evaluation was based on verbal material, structured from simple to complex (syllables, words, narrative structures) and presented either exclusively by auditory way or by auditory and visual ways.

Keywords: inteligibility, oro-motor techniques, Down syndrome, speech therapy
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DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2020.6.2.04
Published on line: 30/10/2020

References:
Aylward, E.H., Li Q., Honeycutt, N.A., Warren, A.C., Pulsifier, M.B., Barta, P.E., Chan, M.D., Smith, P.D., Jerram, M., Pearlson, G.D., (1999). „MRI volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala in adults with Down’s syndrome with and without dementia”. The American Journal of Psychiatry 156:564–568
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Bodea-Hategan, C., (2014), “Abordări terapeutice ale limbajului: perspective actuale”, vol. I. Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca
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Lopes, J.B.P., Grecco, L.A.C., Moura, R.C.F.de, et al., (2017). „Protocol study for a randomised, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial involving virtual reality and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation for the improvement of upper limb motor function in children with Down syndrome”. BMJ Open 2017;7:e016260. Doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2017-016260
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Dezvoltarea abilităților de comunicare la elevii cu dizabilități intelectuale

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Dezvoltarea abilităților de comunicare la elevii cu dizabilități intelectuale

Developing communication abilities in children with intellectual disabilities

Ioana Delia ȚÎRLEA, Simona Rodica ABRUDAN
Abstract

This article presents the importance of the constant use of a programme based on the reading of images in the activities of language therapy for the development of communication skills in students with intellectual disabilities.
The first part of the paper presents the particularities of the students with intellectual disability, respectively the particularities of the language and the communication, as well as implications in the educational process. The second part illustrates the analysis of the data obtained as a result of the implementation of the reading program after images in the activities of speech disorder therapy. The objectives, hypothesis and expected results are described.
The design of the study is based on the final results with the initial outcomes after the intervention programe was applied. The data obtained show that the activities determines positive effects in the development of communication skills, the use of a richer vocabulary, the more complex expression.

Keywords: communication skills, intellectual disabilities, verbal communication, special education, speech therapy, reading imagine
pdf
DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2020.6.2.05
Published on line: 30/10/2020
Published on line: 30/10/2020

References:
Bodea- Hațegan, C. (2011). Abordări structuralist-integrate în terapia tulburărilor de limbaj și comunicare, Editura Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca;
Bodea Hațegan, C; Anca, M. (2008). Terapia limbajului – o abordare interdisciplinară, Editura Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj-Napoca;
Bodea-Hațegan, C. (2014). Proba de evaluare a abilităților morfologice în limba română (resursă electronică), ISBN 978-973-109-505-9.
Bodea-Hațegan, C. (2014). Probă de evaluare a abilităților morfologice în limba română. Aplicații psiholingvistice, E-book, Editura Argonaut, Cluj-Napoca.
Chiș, V. (2002). Provocările pedagogiei contemporane, Presa Universitară Clujeană, Cluj- Napoca.
Cucoș, C., (1998). Psihopedagogie, Editura Polirom, Iași;
Gherghuț, A. (2000). Psihopedagogie specială, Editura Polirom, Iași;
Ionescu, M., R, I., (coord.),( 2001). Didactica modernă, ed. a II-a,Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca
Roșan, A. (coord.) (2015), Psihopedagogie specială. Modele de evaluare și intervenție. Editura Polirom, Iași;

Particularități terapeutice în tulburarea de ritm și fluență de tipul bâlbâielii asociată cu hipoacuzia de transmisie

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Particularități terapeutice în tulburarea de ritm și fluență de tipul bâlbâielii asociată cu hipoacuzia de transmisie

Therapeutic approach in rhythm and fluency disorder associated with transmission hearing loss

Mirela BUTTA
Abstract

Some studies made a connection between mild transmission hearing impairment and the ability to perceive speech rate both led to stuttering.
Language acquisition is closely linked to the hearing development. Children with hearing impairments go through the same steps in hearing development as typically developed children do but they need more time to go through each developmental stage.
During the intervention programme, hearing must not be dealt with in an isolated way. It is highly recommended that the functions of hearing to be connected with the functions the tactile-kinesthetic, visual, dynamic, olfactory, vestibular ones. The child will be able to develop the capacity of auditory decoding and also the communicative competences as the capacity of hearing is growing in combination with other sensory ways.

Keywords: mild transmission hearing impairment, developmental stuttering, speech therapy, fluency disorders,, The Programme of Runyan-fluency rules.
pdf

DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2018.4.2.07

Published on line: 31/10/2018

References:
Batliner, A. (2001). The Integration of Phonethic Knowledge in Speech Technology, Netherlands: Editura Springer.

Bennet RL. (1999). The practical Guide to the Genetic Family History, Wiley-Liss: p.83-88,191-193.

Bertram, B. (2004). Cochlear Implantation for Children with Hearing Loss and Multlipe Disabilities: An Evaluations from an educator’s Perspective, in Volta Review, vol.104, p.349-359.

Bloodstein, O., (1993), A handbook on stuttering, Chicago: National Easter Society

Bodea Haţegan C., (2016). Logopedia. Terapia tulburărilor de limbaj. Structuri deschise, Bucureşti: Editura Trei.

Cho LJE., (2004). Speech-Language and Educational Consequences of Unilateral Hearing Loss in Children, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg: 130(5):524-30.

Devin McAuley, (2015). Evidece for a rhythm perception deficit in children who stutter, Brain Lang: 144, 26-34.
Durlach, N.I., Thompson, C.L., Colburn, H.S. (1981). Binaural interaction in impaired listeners—A review of past research. Audiology, 20, 181–211.

Haddad J Jr., (2007). Hearing loss.In Kliegman:Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed. Saunders: chap 636.

Maria A., Hațegan C., (2008). Terapia limbajului. O abordare interdisciplinară, Cluj-Napoca, Presa Universitară Clujeană.
Pop, C. (2006).
Hipoacuzia- drama unei dizabilităţi. -o lume fără zgomote, Medic.ro: 24:12-16.

Popescu, R., Ștefănescu, C.A. (2009). Sugestii pentru părinții în problematica învățare-evalare: abordări, studii, cercetări, (Popescu R. coordonator), Sibiu: Editura Psihomedia.

Yaruss, J. S., & Quesal, R. W. (2010). Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering, Bloomington: MN: Pearson Assessments.

Yairi E, Ambrose NG. (1999). Early childhood stuttering I: persistency and recovery rates. J Speech Lang Hear, Res: 42(5):1097–1112.
www.audionova.ro

Intervenția logopedică în reabilitarea tulburărilor de deglutiție a pacienților cu paralizie cerebrală infantilă

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Intervenția logopedică în reabilitarea tulburărilor de deglutiție a pacienților cu paralizie cerebrală infantilă

Speech Therapy in Deglutition rehabilitation process in infants with cerebral palsy

Iuliana SILAGHI
Abstract

Infantile cerebral palsy is a motor disability that occurs in 3.6 ‰ births, being one of the most common neurological disorders associated with swallowing disorders.
Worldwide, intervention on cerebral palsy and swallowing disorders in children is done by speech therapists. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) emphasizes that childhood swallowing disorders presents some particular aspects, both in terms of diagnosis but also rehabilitation intervention.
This paper is a study that focuses on the practical utility and represents a response to the practical problems of school children with swallowing disorder. Cerebral palsy associated with swallowing disorder shouldn’t be a reason for excluding a child from the education system.

Keywords: cerebral palsy, speech therapy, swallowing disorders, postural strategy, sensoriomotor therapy
pdf
DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2018.4.1.06

Published on line: 15/03/2018

References:

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2001). Roles of speechlanguage pathologists in swallowing and feeding disorders: Technical report. ASHA Desk Reference, 3, pp 181–199.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2002). Knowledge and skills needed by speech-language pathologists providing services to individuals with swallowing and/or feeding disorders. ASHA Supplement 22, pp 81–87.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2015). Roles of speechlanguage pathologists in swallowing and feeding disorders: Position statement. ASHA Supplement 22.

Arvedson, J. C . (2008). Assessment of pediatric dysphagia and eating disorders: Clinical and instrumental approach. Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 14, pp 118 – 127.

Benfer, K.A., Weir, K, Bell, K, Ware, R, Davies, P, Boyd, R. (2012). Longitudinal cohort protocol study of oropharyngeal dysphagia: relationships to gross motor attainment, growth and nutritional status in preschool children with cerebral palsy. BMJ Open, 2(4) accesat http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/2/4/e001460.full.pdf.

Benfer, K.A., et al. (2013). Oropharyngeal dysphagia and Gross Motor Skills in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatrics, 131 (5), pp 1553-1561.

Benga, I., Cristea, A., Vințan, M. (2006). Ghid de diagnostic și tratament în Neurologia Pediatrică. Cluj-Napoca, Editura Medicală Universitară Iuliu Hațieganu, pp 112-147

Edwards, D.K. (2014). Optimizing Function for Patients Diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy SIG 13 Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia), PubMed, Vol. 23, pp 123-131.

Manno, C.J., Fox, C., Eicher, P.S., Kerwin, M.L.(2005). Early Oral-Motor Intervention for Pediatric Feeding Problems: What, When and How. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 2, 3, pp 146-159

Munceleanu, O. (2016). Particularități ale intervenției logopedice în contextul tulburărilor de deglutiție la copiii cu paralizie cerebrală. Revista Română de Terapia tulburărilor de limbaj, Vol.II Nr. 2, pp 110-121.

Mureșan, R. (2016). Terapia tulburărilor de înghițire. Suport de curs. Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca.

Săraci, G., Săplăcan R., Ionuţ D. (2011). Disfagia și Patologia Neurologică. Revista Clujul Medical  Vol. 84 – nr. 1, pp 14-18.

http://dictionar.romedic.ro/

Deglutition disorders-atypical deglutition. Miofunctional therapy for rehabilitation

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Perturbări de deglutiție – deglutiția atipică. Terapia miofuncțională de recuperare

Deglutition disorders-atypical deglutition. Miofunctional therapy for rehabilitation

Elena L. BUZZO
Abstract

Deglutition is a neuromuscular mechanism which passes through a physiological maturation when passing from childhood to adulthood. A deficient deglutition can be met when childish swallowing is still present even in adult stage. During an atypical deglutition the tongue makes a pressure on the palate and on the teeth or can slip through the teeth’s arcades. Miofunctional speech and language therapy is the best way to address the atypical deglutition process. This is a reeducation process, a process of reestablishing of the oral function through a series of progressive exercises which focuses on the correction of the tongue`s position and the automatization of the swallowing process. Applying in a consistent manner the miofunctional therapy, both in the speech therapy office and during daily life activities, using the necessary orthodontic devices specific in each situation, the results are positive, atypical deglutition being turned in a mature swallowing process.

Keywords: deglutition, miofunctional therapy, swallowing disorder, orthodontic devices, speech therapy

pdf

DOI:10.26744/rrttlc.2017.3.1.03

Published on line: 15/03/2017

References:

Andretta, P. (2001). La reabilitazione logopedica della deglutizione viziata: aspetti metodologici, FLI Napoli: Relazione dal convenio.

Andretta, P. (2003). La riabilitazione logopedica della deglutizione deviate. Aspetti metodologici, In La Deglutizione (pp. 134-143), Roma: Ed. Carocci.

Andretta, P. (2005). La terapia logopedica delle alterazioni delle funzioni orali: squilibrio muscolare orofacciale in età evolutiva, adolescenziale ed adulta, In Logopedia e comunicazione, vol.1, n.1 (pp. 59-74), Trento: Ed. Erickson.

Andretta, P., Morselli, E. (2006). Efficacia, efficienza e appropriatezza nella terapia logopedica delle alterazioni delle funzioni orali, Log. E Com. 2-3 (337-348), Trento: Erickson.

Andretta, P.( 2011). Terapia miofunzionale secondo Garliner in “Deglutologia” O.Schindler (a cura di),617-38, Torino: Ed. Omega.

Andretta, P., Morselli, E. (2007). Alterazioni delle funzioni orali. Somministrazione del questionario di autovalutazione delle alterazioni delle funzioni orali, IAOM – 35th International Meeting, “Renaissance in Orofacial Myology”, Florence

Biber, D. (2013). Dysphagia in the early childhood and children with feeding disorders in clinical practice, Assessment and management of feeding problems in preterms and young babies, note de la Cursul „Let me be one of you!”, 12-21 Iulie, 2013, Varna, desfăşurat în cadrul proiectului Youth in Action cu acelaşi nume, curs focalizat pe dezvoltarea de competenţe pentru specialiştii în terapia limbajului cu privire la domeniul intervenţiei timpurii.

Bosco, A., (2016). Manuale teoretico pratico di terapia miofunzionale, metoda Bertarini, Riferimento BR-LCF-0062, www.lcf-edizioni.it

Cozza P., Polimeni A., De Toffol L., ( 2002). Manuale di terapia miofunzionale, editura: Masson-Edra

Chiarenza, A., Modica, M., G., (2012). Guida informativa al trattamento miofunzionale, TMF, www.flisicilia.it

Comparelli, U. (coord). La terapia miofunzionale e i dispositivi ortodontici coadiuvanti la terapia miofunzionale, www.ortodonzia.net

Ferrante, A. (2012). Fisiologia e patologia della deglutizione. Per il pediatra, Roma: Editore Marrapese.

Ferrante, A. (2004). Manuale pratico di terapia miofunzionale, Roma: Editore Marrapese.

Ferrante, A., Serafini, V. (1997). Terapia miofunzionale. Dalla deglutizione viziata ai problemi posturali. Procedure diagnostiche e terapeutiche. Editore: Futura Publishing Society

Garliner, D. (1996). Importanza di una corretta deglutizione. Editore: Futura.

Gilardone, M., Lucantoni M. (2013). I disturbi della deglutizione. Guida pratica per pazienti e famigliari. Torino: Editore Cortina.

Lanteri, C., Beretta, M. (2016). Deglutizione, dislalie e malocclusioni, Società Italiana di Ortodonzia (SIDO), 08 FAD.

Mureșan, Rodica, (2015). Anatomia cavității bucale. Recuperarea disfagiei, note de curs.

Petenà, C. (2012). La terapia miofunzionale per rieducare la deglutizione.

Pilo, Federica, (2001). Tesi: La deglutizione atipica: diagnosi, clinica e terapia miofunzionale. Relatore: Dott. Francesco Stomeo.

Salvatore,V., (2015). Logopedia e terapia miofunzionale; le abitudini viziate. www.posturalab.com

http://www.quadernidellasalute.it

http://www.dentista-catania.it/terapia-mio-funzionale.html

http://www.terapiamiofunzionale.com

The specific speech and language therapy approach focused on swallowing skills in children with cerebral palsy

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Particularități ale intervenției logopedice în contextul tulburărilor de deglutiție la copiii cu paralizie cerebrală

The specific speech and language therapy approach focused on swallowing skills in children with cerebral palsy

Oana MUNCELEANU
Abstract

There are studies that underscore the presence of swallowing disorders the in pediatric area, especially among children with disabilities. One of the most common causes of this occurrence are neurological disorders such as children with moderate and severe cerebral palsy. Swallowing disorders can have a significant impact on their development and general health. Reduced nutritional intake accompanied by deceleration weight, prolonged feeding, and especially respiratory complications, which are the major cause of premature mortality, are just some of the arguments that stress the importance of early intervention. The American Speech-Language-Hearing-Association (ASHA) reveals the important role of a speech therapist in the interdisciplinary team in initiating a specific intervention, in the context of the particular swallowing disorder. Based on these assumptions the purpose of this paper is to illustrate the particularities of a speech therapist’s intervention in the context of swallowing disorders in children with cerebral palsy. This shall begin with the steps of an assessment and a specific intervention focus on the use of sensorimotor therapy, including the counseling of the child’s family into the implementation of correct posture during swallowing, and the main maneuvers to facilitate swallowing.

Keywords: cerebral palsy, speech therapy, swallowing disorders, postural strategy, sensoriomotor therapy
pdf

DOI: 10.26744/rrttlc.2016.2.2.11

Published on line: 15/10/2016

References:

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2001). Roles of speechlanguage pathologists in swallowing and feeding disorders: Technical report. ASHA Desk Reference, 3, 181–199.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2002). Knowledge and skills needed by speech-language pathologists providing services to individuals with swallowing and/or feeding disorders. ASHA Supplement 22, 81–87.

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (2015). Roles of speechlanguage pathologists in swallowing and feeding disorders: Position statement. ASHA Supplement 22, 73.

Bacon, E., Edwards, D.K. (2014). Optimizing function for patients diagnosed with Cerebral Palsy. Perspective on Swallowing andSwollowing Disorders(Dysphagia), 23, 123-131.

Benfer, K., Weir, K., Bell, K., Davis, P., Boyd, R. (2013). Oropharyngeal dysphagia and Gross Motor Skills in children with cerebral palsy. Pediatrics, 131 (5), 1553-1561

Benfer, K.A., Weir, K, Bell, K, Ware, R, Davies, P, Boyd, R. (2012). Longitudinal cohort protocol study of oropharyngeal dysphagia: relationships to gross motor attainment, growth and nutritional status in preschool children with cerebral palsy. BMJ Open, 2(4) accesat http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/2/4/e001460.f ull.pdf. în data de 10.02.2016

Erasmus, C.E., van Hulst, K., Rotteveel, J.J., Willemsen, M., Jongerius, P. (2012). Swallowing problems in cerebral palsy. Eur. J. Pediatr,171, pp 409-414. 121

Gisel, E. (2008). Interventions and outcomes for children with dysphagia. Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 14, 165-173.

Jones, M., Morgan, E., Shelton, J. (2007). Cerebral palsy: introduction and diagnosis (part I). J Pediatr Health Care, 21(3), pp146-152

Manno, C.J., Fox, C., Eicher, P.S., Kerwin, M.L.(2005). Early Oral-Motor Intervention for Pediatric Feeding Problems: What, When and How. Journal of Early and Intensive Behavior Intervention, 2, 3, 146-159

McQuillan, M.K, Coleman, G.A. (2008). Guidelenes for Feeding and Swalliowing Programs in Schools. Connecticut State Departement of Education

Ortega, O. L., Ciamponi, A.L., Mendes, F.M., Santos, M. (2010). Assessment scale of the oral motor performance of children and adolescents with neurological damages. Journal of Oral Reabilitation, 36, 653-659.

Palisano, R., Rosenbaum, P., Walter, R.S., Russell, D., Wood, E., Galuppi, B. (1997) Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev. Med.

Child Neurol, 39(4), pp 214-223. RCSLT (2014). Resource manual for commissioning and planning services for SLCN. Dysphagia.

Robănescu, L. (2014). Disfuncții în alimentația sugarului și copilului mic. Revista de Neurologie și Psihiatrie a Adolescentului din România, 17 (3), 39- 52

http://www.asha.org/uploadedFiles/Pediatric-Feeding-History-and-Clinical-Assessment-Form.pdf